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1-856-CODEAGE
- 1500 mg of bovine tracheal cartilage
- 1500 mg of bovine liver
- Made from grass-fed, grass-finished, pasture-raised Argentinian beef
- Freeze-dried, non-defatted, and desiccated cartilage glandulars supplement
- Source of vitamins and nutrients expressed in the beef cartilage
- Paleo-friendly and gluten-free
- Non-GMO
- Free of binders or flow agents
- 1-month supply
- Easy-to-use capsules
- Manufactured in the USA in a cGMP-certified facility
- Third-party tested
Description
Product Details
Featured Ingredients
Grass-Fed Beef Cartilage
Collagen of type II
Grass-Fed Beef Liver
Source of vitamin A, folic acid, iron and zinc
Vitamin B12
A water-soluble vitamin
Vitamin A
A fat-soluble vitamin
Hyaluronic Acid
A naturally-occurring molecule
Superfood
Grass fed Argentinian beef cartilage supplement provides nutrients and vitamins found in the tracheal cartilage.*
Suggested use
Adults take 3 to 6 capsules daily as directed by a healthcare professional with 8 ounces of water or your favorite beverage. May be taken with or without food.
See caution
CAUTION: Do not exceed recommended dose. Pregnant, nursing mothers, children under 18 and individuals with a known medical condition should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement. Please use caution if you have allergies or sensitivities to any of the listed ingredients. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing. Store in a cool dry place. Use this product as a food supplement only. Do not use for weight reduction.
Additional Details
Superfood
Grass fed Argentinian beef cartilage supplement provides nutrients and vitamins found in the tracheal cartilage.*
See all ingredients
Ingredients:
Grass Fed Tracheal Cartilage (Bovine) (BSE-free), Grass Fed Liver (Bovine) (BSE-free). Other Ingredients: Methylcellulose Capsule.
Pairs With
References
Grass-Fed Beef Cartilage
PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. Cartilage (Bovine and Shark) (PDQ®): Health Professional Version. 2018 Aug 23. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-.
Prudden, J. F., & Balassa, L. L. (1974). The biological activity of bovine cartilage preparations. Clinical demonstration of their potent anti-inflammatory capacity with supplementary notes on certain relevant fundamental supportive studies. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 3(4), 287–321. DOI: 10.1016/0049-0172(74)90003-1
See more
Prudden J. F. (1985). The treatment of human cancer with agents prepared from bovine cartilage. Journal of biological response modifiers, 4(6), 551–584. PMID: 4087031
Tanzi EL, Perez M. The effect of a mucopolysaccharide-cartilage complex healing ointment on Er:YAG laser resurfaced facial skin. Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2002 Apr;28(4):305-308. DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2002.01130.x
Allen, J., & Prudden, J. F. (1966). Histologic response to a cartilage powder preparation in a controlled human study. American journal of surgery, 112(6), 888–891. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(66)90144-9
Gramajo, R. J., Cutroneo, E. J., Fernandez, D. E., Gibson, J. L., Cáceres Maldonado, J. C., Romero, F. L., & Houssay, R. H. (1989). A single-blind, placebo-controlled study of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex ('Rumalon') in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Current medical research and opinion, 11(6), 366–373. DOI: 10.1185/03007998909110137
HOUCK, J. C., JACOB, R. A., DEANGELO, L., & VICKERS, K. (1962). The inhibition of inflammation and the acceleration of tissue repair by cartilage powder. Surgery, 51, 632–638. PMID: 14449250
Katona G. (1987). A clinical trial of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex ('Rumalon') in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Current medical research and opinion, 10(9), 625–633. DOI: 10.1185/03007998709112416
PRUDDEN, J. F., NISHIHARA, G., & BAKER, L. (1957). The acceleration of wound healing with cartilage. I. Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 105(3), 283–286. PMID: 13467657
Prudden JF, Allen J. The Clinical Acceleration of Healing With a Cartilage Preparation: A Controlled Study. JAMA. 1965;192(5):352–356. doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03080180010002
Bagchi D, Misner B, Bagchi M, et al. Effects of orally administered undenatured type II collagen against arthritic inflammatory diseases: a mechanistic exploration. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research. 2002 ;22(3-4):101-110. PMID: 12837047
Grass-Fed Beef Liver
Duizer, L. M., Diana, A., Rathomi, H. S., Luftimas, D. E., Rahmannia, S., Santi, W., Nugraha, G. I., Haszard, J. J., Gibson, R. S., & Houghton, L. A. (2017). An Acceptability Trial of Desiccated Beef Liver and Meat Powder as Potential Fortifiers of Complementary Diets of Young Children in Indonesia. Journal of food science, 82(9), 2206–2212. DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13807
Ross, A. C., Caballero, B. H., Cousins, R. J., Tucker, K. L., & Ziegler, T. R. (2012). Modern nutrition in health and disease: Eleventh edition. Wolters Kluwer Health Adis (ESP).
Sanders LM, Zeisel SH. Choline: Dietary Requirements and Role in Brain Development. Nutr Today. 2007;42(4):181-186. doi: 10.1097/01.NT.0000286155.55343.fa
Zeisel SH, da Costa KA. Choline: an essential nutrient for public health. Nutr Rev. 2009;67(11):615-623. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00246.x
Ercan Karaayak, Pınar & El, Sedef. (2011). Changes in content of coenzyme Q10 in beef muscle, beef liver and beef heart with cooking and in vitro digestion. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis - J FOOD COMPOS ANAL. 24. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.05.002
Prakash S, Sunitha J, Hans M. Role of coenzyme Q(10) as an antioxidant and bioenergizer in periodontal diseases. Indian J Pharmacol. 2010;42(6):334-337. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.71884
Rosenfeldt, Franklin & Hilton, Deborah & Pepe, Salvatore & Krum, Henry. (2003). Systematic review of effect of coenzyme Q10 in physical exercise, hypertension and heart failure. BioFactors (Oxford, England). 18. 91-100. DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520180211.
Jafari, M., Mousavi, S. M., Asgharzadeh, A., & Yazdani, N. (2018). Coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of heart failure: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Indian heart journal, 70 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S111–S117. DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.01.031
Ueland P. M. (2011). Choline and betaine in health and disease. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 34(1), 3–15. DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9088-4
Vitamin B12
Lin, C. Y., Kuo, C. S., Lu, C. L., Wu, M. Y., & Huang, R. F. (2010). Elevated serum vitamin B(12) levels in association with tumor markers as the prognostic factors predictive for poor survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Nutrition and cancer, 62(2), 190–197. DOI: 10.1080/01635580903305334
Majaj A. S. (1966). Vitamin E-responsive macrocytic anemia in protein-calorie malnutrition. Measurements of vitamin E, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin B12 and iron. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 18(5), 362–368. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/18.5.362
Kwok, T., Tang, C., Woo, J., Lai, W. K., Law, L. K., & Pang, C. P. (1998). Randomized trial of the effect of supplementation on the cognitive function of older people with subnormal cobalamin levels. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 13(9), 611–616. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199809)13:9<611::aid-gps832>3.0.co;2-o
Lonn, E., Yusuf, S., Arnold, M. J., Sheridan, P., Pogue, J., Micks, M., McQueen, M. J., Probstfield, J., Fodor, G., Held, C., Genest, J., Jr, & Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) 2 Investigators (2006). Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. The New England journal of medicine, 354(15), 1567–1577. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa060900
Kwok, T., Lee, J., Law, C. B., Pan, P. C., Yung, C. Y., Choi, K. C., & Lam, L. C. (2011). A randomized placebo controlled trial of homocysteine lowering to reduce cognitive decline in older demented people. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 30(3), 297–302. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2010.12.004
Clarke R. (2000). Lowering blood homocysteine with folic acid-based supplements: meta-analysis of randomised trials. Indian heart journal, 52(7 Suppl), S59–S64. PMID: 11339443
Ma, E., Iwasaki, M., Kobayashi, M., Kasuga, Y., Yokoyama, S., Onuma, H., Nishimura, H., Kusama, R., & Tsugane, S. (2009). Dietary intake of folate, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, genetic polymorphism of related enzymes, and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Japan. Nutrition and cancer, 61(4), 447–456. DOI: 10.1080/01635580802610123
Malouf, R., & Areosa Sastre, A. (2003). Vitamin B12 for cognition. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (3), CD004326. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004326
Malouf, R., & Grimley Evans, J. (2008). Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (4), CD004514. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004514.pub2
McNulty, H., Pentieva, K., Hoey, L., & Ward, M. (2008). Homocysteine, B-vitamins and CVD. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 67(2), 232–237. DOI: 10.1017/S0029665108007076
Vitamin A
Green AS, Fascetti AJ. Meeting the Vitamin A Requirement: The Efficacy and Importance of β-Carotene in Animal Species. ScientificWorldJournal. 2016;2016:7393620. doi: 10.1155/2016/7393620
Marjorie J Haskell, The challenge to reach nutritional adequacy for vitamin A: β-carotene bioavailability and conversion—evidence in humans, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 96, Issue 5, November 2012, Pages 1193S–1203S, DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.034850
De Pee, S., & Bloem, M. W. (2007). The bioavailability of (pro) vitamin A carotenoids and maximizing the contribution of homestead food production to combating vitamin A deficiency. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 77(3), 182–192. DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831.77.3.182
De Pee, S., & West, C. E. (1996). Dietary carotenoids and their role in combating vitamin A deficiency: a review of the literature. European journal of clinical nutrition, 50 Suppl 3, S38–S53. PMID: 8841773
Van Loo-Bouwman, C. A., West, C. E., van Breemen, R. B., Zhu, D., Siebelink, E., Versloot, P., Hulshof, P. J., van Lieshout, M., Russel, F. G., Schaafsma, G., & Naber, T. H. (2009). Vitamin A equivalency of beta-carotene in healthy adults: limitation of the extrinsic dual-isotope dilution technique to measure matrix effect. The British journal of nutrition, 101(12), 1837–1845. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114508131762
Hyaluronic Acid
Henrotin, Y., Mobasheri, A., & Marty, M. (2012). Is there any scientific evidence for the use of glucosamine in the management of human osteoarthritis?. Arthritis research & therapy, 14(1), 201. DOI: 10.1186/ar3657
Uebelhart D, Williams JM. Effects of hyaluronic acid on cartilage degradation. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 1999 Sep;11(5):427-435. DOI: 10.1097/00002281-199909000-00018
Reginster, J. Y., Bruyere, O., & Neuprez, A. (2007). Current role of glucosamine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 46(5), 731–735. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem026
Bruyere, O., & Reginster, J. Y. (2007). Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as therapeutic agents for knee and hip osteoarthritis. Drugs & aging, 24(7), 573–580. DOI: 10.2165/00002512-200724070-00005
Holmes MW, Bayliss MT, Muir H. Hyaluronic acid in human articular cartilage. Age-related changes in content and size. Biochem J. 1988;250(2):435-441. doi: 10.1042/bj2500435
Roughley, P. J., White, R. J., & Poole, A. R. (1985). Identification of a hyaluronic acid-binding protein that interferes with the preparation of high-buoyant-density proteoglycan aggregates from adult human articular cartilage. The Biochemical journal, 231(1), 129–138. DOI: 10.1042/bj2310129
Hitchcock AM, Yates KE, Shortkroff S, Costello CE, Zaia J. Optimized extraction of glycosaminoglycans from normal and osteoarthritic cartilage for glycomics profiling [published correction appears in Glycobiology. 2007 Oct;17(10):1030]. Glycobiology. 2007;17(1):25-35. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwl046
Allen, R. G., Burstein, D., & Gray, M. L. (1999). Monitoring glycosaminoglycan replenishment in cartilage explants with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 17(3), 430–436. DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100170320
Russo, F., D'Este, M., Vadalà, G., Cattani, C., Papalia, R., Alini, M., & Denaro, V. (2016). Platelet Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid Blend for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Rheological and Biological Evaluation. PloS one, 11(6), e0157048. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157048
Supplement Facts
Ingredients
Suggested Use
References
Product Details
- 1500 mg of bovine tracheal cartilage
- 1500 mg of bovine liver
- Made from grass-fed, grass-finished, pasture-raised Argentinian beef
- Freeze-dried, non-defatted, and desiccated cartilage glandulars supplement
- Source of vitamins and nutrients expressed in the beef cartilage
- Paleo-friendly and gluten-free
- Non-GMO
- Free of binders or flow agents
- 1-month supply
- Easy-to-use capsules
- Manufactured in the USA in a cGMP-certified facility
- Third-party tested
Featured Ingredients
Grass-Fed Beef Cartilage
Collagen of type II
Grass-Fed Beef Liver
Source of vitamin A, folic acid, iron and zinc
Vitamin B12
A water-soluble vitamin
Vitamin A
A fat-soluble vitamin
Hyaluronic Acid
A naturally-occurring molecule
Superfood
Grass fed Argentinian beef cartilage supplement provides nutrients and vitamins found in the tracheal cartilage.*
Suggested use
Adults take 3 to 6 capsules daily as directed by a healthcare professional with 8 ounces of water or your favorite beverage. May be taken with or without food.
See caution
CAUTION: Do not exceed recommended dose. Pregnant, nursing mothers, children under 18 and individuals with a known medical condition should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement. Please use caution if you have allergies or sensitivities to any of the listed ingredients. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing. Store in a cool dry place. Use this product as a food supplement only. Do not use for weight reduction.
Additional Details
Superfood
Grass fed Argentinian beef cartilage supplement provides nutrients and vitamins found in the tracheal cartilage.*
See all ingredients
Ingredients:
Grass Fed Tracheal Cartilage (Bovine) (BSE-free), Grass Fed Liver (Bovine) (BSE-free). Other Ingredients: Methylcellulose Capsule.
Pairs With
References
Grass-Fed Beef Cartilage
PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. Cartilage (Bovine and Shark) (PDQ®): Health Professional Version. 2018 Aug 23. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-.
Prudden, J. F., & Balassa, L. L. (1974). The biological activity of bovine cartilage preparations. Clinical demonstration of their potent anti-inflammatory capacity with supplementary notes on certain relevant fundamental supportive studies. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 3(4), 287–321. DOI: 10.1016/0049-0172(74)90003-1
See more
Prudden J. F. (1985). The treatment of human cancer with agents prepared from bovine cartilage. Journal of biological response modifiers, 4(6), 551–584. PMID: 4087031
Tanzi EL, Perez M. The effect of a mucopolysaccharide-cartilage complex healing ointment on Er:YAG laser resurfaced facial skin. Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2002 Apr;28(4):305-308. DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2002.01130.x
Allen, J., & Prudden, J. F. (1966). Histologic response to a cartilage powder preparation in a controlled human study. American journal of surgery, 112(6), 888–891. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(66)90144-9
Gramajo, R. J., Cutroneo, E. J., Fernandez, D. E., Gibson, J. L., Cáceres Maldonado, J. C., Romero, F. L., & Houssay, R. H. (1989). A single-blind, placebo-controlled study of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex ('Rumalon') in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Current medical research and opinion, 11(6), 366–373. DOI: 10.1185/03007998909110137
HOUCK, J. C., JACOB, R. A., DEANGELO, L., & VICKERS, K. (1962). The inhibition of inflammation and the acceleration of tissue repair by cartilage powder. Surgery, 51, 632–638. PMID: 14449250
Katona G. (1987). A clinical trial of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex ('Rumalon') in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Current medical research and opinion, 10(9), 625–633. DOI: 10.1185/03007998709112416
PRUDDEN, J. F., NISHIHARA, G., & BAKER, L. (1957). The acceleration of wound healing with cartilage. I. Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 105(3), 283–286. PMID: 13467657
Prudden JF, Allen J. The Clinical Acceleration of Healing With a Cartilage Preparation: A Controlled Study. JAMA. 1965;192(5):352–356. doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03080180010002
Bagchi D, Misner B, Bagchi M, et al. Effects of orally administered undenatured type II collagen against arthritic inflammatory diseases: a mechanistic exploration. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research. 2002 ;22(3-4):101-110. PMID: 12837047
Grass-Fed Beef Liver
Duizer, L. M., Diana, A., Rathomi, H. S., Luftimas, D. E., Rahmannia, S., Santi, W., Nugraha, G. I., Haszard, J. J., Gibson, R. S., & Houghton, L. A. (2017). An Acceptability Trial of Desiccated Beef Liver and Meat Powder as Potential Fortifiers of Complementary Diets of Young Children in Indonesia. Journal of food science, 82(9), 2206–2212. DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13807
Ross, A. C., Caballero, B. H., Cousins, R. J., Tucker, K. L., & Ziegler, T. R. (2012). Modern nutrition in health and disease: Eleventh edition. Wolters Kluwer Health Adis (ESP).
Sanders LM, Zeisel SH. Choline: Dietary Requirements and Role in Brain Development. Nutr Today. 2007;42(4):181-186. doi: 10.1097/01.NT.0000286155.55343.fa
Zeisel SH, da Costa KA. Choline: an essential nutrient for public health. Nutr Rev. 2009;67(11):615-623. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00246.x
Ercan Karaayak, Pınar & El, Sedef. (2011). Changes in content of coenzyme Q10 in beef muscle, beef liver and beef heart with cooking and in vitro digestion. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis - J FOOD COMPOS ANAL. 24. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.05.002
Prakash S, Sunitha J, Hans M. Role of coenzyme Q(10) as an antioxidant and bioenergizer in periodontal diseases. Indian J Pharmacol. 2010;42(6):334-337. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.71884
Rosenfeldt, Franklin & Hilton, Deborah & Pepe, Salvatore & Krum, Henry. (2003). Systematic review of effect of coenzyme Q10 in physical exercise, hypertension and heart failure. BioFactors (Oxford, England). 18. 91-100. DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520180211.
Jafari, M., Mousavi, S. M., Asgharzadeh, A., & Yazdani, N. (2018). Coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of heart failure: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Indian heart journal, 70 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S111–S117. DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.01.031
Ueland P. M. (2011). Choline and betaine in health and disease. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 34(1), 3–15. DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9088-4
Vitamin B12
Lin, C. Y., Kuo, C. S., Lu, C. L., Wu, M. Y., & Huang, R. F. (2010). Elevated serum vitamin B(12) levels in association with tumor markers as the prognostic factors predictive for poor survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Nutrition and cancer, 62(2), 190–197. DOI: 10.1080/01635580903305334
Majaj A. S. (1966). Vitamin E-responsive macrocytic anemia in protein-calorie malnutrition. Measurements of vitamin E, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin B12 and iron. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 18(5), 362–368. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/18.5.362
Kwok, T., Tang, C., Woo, J., Lai, W. K., Law, L. K., & Pang, C. P. (1998). Randomized trial of the effect of supplementation on the cognitive function of older people with subnormal cobalamin levels. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 13(9), 611–616. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199809)13:9<611::aid-gps832>3.0.co;2-o
Lonn, E., Yusuf, S., Arnold, M. J., Sheridan, P., Pogue, J., Micks, M., McQueen, M. J., Probstfield, J., Fodor, G., Held, C., Genest, J., Jr, & Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) 2 Investigators (2006). Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. The New England journal of medicine, 354(15), 1567–1577. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa060900
Kwok, T., Lee, J., Law, C. B., Pan, P. C., Yung, C. Y., Choi, K. C., & Lam, L. C. (2011). A randomized placebo controlled trial of homocysteine lowering to reduce cognitive decline in older demented people. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 30(3), 297–302. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2010.12.004
Clarke R. (2000). Lowering blood homocysteine with folic acid-based supplements: meta-analysis of randomised trials. Indian heart journal, 52(7 Suppl), S59–S64. PMID: 11339443
Ma, E., Iwasaki, M., Kobayashi, M., Kasuga, Y., Yokoyama, S., Onuma, H., Nishimura, H., Kusama, R., & Tsugane, S. (2009). Dietary intake of folate, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, genetic polymorphism of related enzymes, and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Japan. Nutrition and cancer, 61(4), 447–456. DOI: 10.1080/01635580802610123
Malouf, R., & Areosa Sastre, A. (2003). Vitamin B12 for cognition. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (3), CD004326. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004326
Malouf, R., & Grimley Evans, J. (2008). Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (4), CD004514. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004514.pub2
McNulty, H., Pentieva, K., Hoey, L., & Ward, M. (2008). Homocysteine, B-vitamins and CVD. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 67(2), 232–237. DOI: 10.1017/S0029665108007076
Vitamin A
Green AS, Fascetti AJ. Meeting the Vitamin A Requirement: The Efficacy and Importance of β-Carotene in Animal Species. ScientificWorldJournal. 2016;2016:7393620. doi: 10.1155/2016/7393620
Marjorie J Haskell, The challenge to reach nutritional adequacy for vitamin A: β-carotene bioavailability and conversion—evidence in humans, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 96, Issue 5, November 2012, Pages 1193S–1203S, DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.034850
De Pee, S., & Bloem, M. W. (2007). The bioavailability of (pro) vitamin A carotenoids and maximizing the contribution of homestead food production to combating vitamin A deficiency. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 77(3), 182–192. DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831.77.3.182
De Pee, S., & West, C. E. (1996). Dietary carotenoids and their role in combating vitamin A deficiency: a review of the literature. European journal of clinical nutrition, 50 Suppl 3, S38–S53. PMID: 8841773
Van Loo-Bouwman, C. A., West, C. E., van Breemen, R. B., Zhu, D., Siebelink, E., Versloot, P., Hulshof, P. J., van Lieshout, M., Russel, F. G., Schaafsma, G., & Naber, T. H. (2009). Vitamin A equivalency of beta-carotene in healthy adults: limitation of the extrinsic dual-isotope dilution technique to measure matrix effect. The British journal of nutrition, 101(12), 1837–1845. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114508131762
Hyaluronic Acid
Henrotin, Y., Mobasheri, A., & Marty, M. (2012). Is there any scientific evidence for the use of glucosamine in the management of human osteoarthritis?. Arthritis research & therapy, 14(1), 201. DOI: 10.1186/ar3657
Uebelhart D, Williams JM. Effects of hyaluronic acid on cartilage degradation. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 1999 Sep;11(5):427-435. DOI: 10.1097/00002281-199909000-00018
Reginster, J. Y., Bruyere, O., & Neuprez, A. (2007). Current role of glucosamine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 46(5), 731–735. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem026
Bruyere, O., & Reginster, J. Y. (2007). Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as therapeutic agents for knee and hip osteoarthritis. Drugs & aging, 24(7), 573–580. DOI: 10.2165/00002512-200724070-00005
Holmes MW, Bayliss MT, Muir H. Hyaluronic acid in human articular cartilage. Age-related changes in content and size. Biochem J. 1988;250(2):435-441. doi: 10.1042/bj2500435
Roughley, P. J., White, R. J., & Poole, A. R. (1985). Identification of a hyaluronic acid-binding protein that interferes with the preparation of high-buoyant-density proteoglycan aggregates from adult human articular cartilage. The Biochemical journal, 231(1), 129–138. DOI: 10.1042/bj2310129
Hitchcock AM, Yates KE, Shortkroff S, Costello CE, Zaia J. Optimized extraction of glycosaminoglycans from normal and osteoarthritic cartilage for glycomics profiling [published correction appears in Glycobiology. 2007 Oct;17(10):1030]. Glycobiology. 2007;17(1):25-35. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwl046
Allen, R. G., Burstein, D., & Gray, M. L. (1999). Monitoring glycosaminoglycan replenishment in cartilage explants with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 17(3), 430–436. DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100170320
Russo, F., D'Este, M., Vadalà, G., Cattani, C., Papalia, R., Alini, M., & Denaro, V. (2016). Platelet Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid Blend for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Rheological and Biological Evaluation. PloS one, 11(6), e0157048. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157048
Grass Fed Tracheal Cartilage (Bovine) (BSE-free), Grass Fed Liver (Bovine) (BSE-free). Other Ingredients: Methylcellulose Capsule.
Adults take 3 to 6 capsules daily as directed by a healthcare professional with 8 ounces of water or your favorite beverage. May be taken with or without food.
CAUTION: Do not exceed recommended dose. Pregnant, nursing mothers, children under 18 and individuals with a known medical condition should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement. Please use caution if you have allergies or sensitivities to any of the listed ingredients. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing. Store in a cool dry place. Use this product as a food supplement only. Do not use for weight reduction.
Grass-Fed Beef Cartilage
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Grass-Fed Beef Liver
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Vitamin B12
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Vitamin A
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Hyaluronic Acid
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